Gordon Willis

The original Panaflex camera, introduced in 1972 as the first truly portable sync-sound 35mm camera. It replaced the heavy studio-bound Mitchell-based systems and could be handheld or shoulder-mounted while remaining quiet enough for dialogue recording. It transformed location filmmaking.

Bausch & Lomb cinema primes introduced in the early 1960s as the successor to the original Baltars, with a maximum aperture of T2.3. Became an industry standard through the 1970s on films like The Godfather, All the President's Men, and Paper Moon. Single-coated optics produce veiling glare and rainbow flares.

Eastman Double-X 5222 is a black-and-white negative motion picture film rated at EI 250 in daylight and EI 200 under tungsten light. Originally developed from Kodak's Super-XX formula and released in its current form in 1959, it has remained largely unchanged for over six decades. It was the stock used to shoot Raging Bull, Schindler's List, and Manhattan.

Tungsten-balanced color negative stock introduced by Kodak in 1968, rated at EI 100. Replaced the earlier 5251 and became the standard camera negative through much of the 1970s. Used on The Godfather, Cabaret, and Barry Lyndon before being superseded by 5247 in 1976.

Black-and-white print stock manufactured by Agfa for producing positive release prints from camera negatives. Agfa motion picture products largely disappeared from the market by the early 1990s.

Custom split-diopter attachment built by Panavision with a rotating frame that allows the optical element to be positioned at any angle, including while the camera is moving. The frameless design lets the diopter be moved across the shot without visible edges.

The Mitchell BNC (Blimped Newsreel Camera) was the standard studio motion picture camera in Hollywood from the 1930s through the 1960s. Its rock-steady registration, optical viewfinder, and compatibility with studio lighting rigs made it the instrument of classical Hollywood cinematography.

The Panaflex Gold is a 35mm motion picture camera produced by Panavision, a company that manufactures equipment exclusively for rental to productions. Its near-silent operation and compatibility with Panavision's proprietary anamorphic and spherical lens systems made it a standard for Hollywood features from the 1980s onward. Christopher Nolan and many other directors continue to use Panavision equipment for productions shot on film.